top of page

Acerca de

H2O

Attention Deficit Disorder (ADHD)

What is ADHD?

Attention Deficit Disorder (ADHD) is a mental health medical condition defined as a pattern of persistent inattention and lack of focus that is not caused by another disorder or disease process that can significantly affect an individual's quality of life. It’s a brain condition that makes it difficult for people to focus, stay organized, and control their behavior. ADHD is usually diagnosed in childhood, but it can affect people of all ages. The signs and symptoms of ADHD can make it hard to pay attention, sit still, and control impulses.

​

Genetics also play a role in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. If a child has a parent with ADHD, there is a greater than 50% chance the child will develop ADHD. These persistent problems can lead to problems with functioning and development. If you or someone you know has ADHD, you’re not alone. Let’s dive into what ADHD is, how it affects people, and what can be done to help manage it.

​

There are three main types of ADHD:

​

1. Inattention: Six or more symptoms of inattention for children up to age 16 years, or five or more for adolescents age 17 years and older and adults; symptoms of inattention have been present for at least 6 months, and they are inappropriate for developmental level.

2. Hyperactivity and Impulsivity: Six or more symptoms of hyperactivity-impulsivity for children up to age 16 years, or five or more for adolescents age 17 years and older and adults; symptoms of hyperactivity-impulsivity have been present for at least 6 months to an extent that is disruptive and inappropriate for the person’s developmental level.

3. Combined: Meeting criteria for both inattentive type and hyperactivity type.

​

In addition to meeting the above diagnostic criteria for ADHD, the following symptoms of ADHD must also be present:

  • Several inattentive or hyperactive-impulsive symptoms were present before age 12 years.

  • Several symptoms are present in two or more settings, (such as at home, school or work; with friends or relatives; in other activities).

  • Clear evidence that the symptoms interfere with, or reduce the quality of, social, school, or work functioning.

  • The symptoms are not better explained by another mental disorder (such as a mood disorder, anxiety disorder, substance use disorder, dissociative disorder, or a personality disorder). The symptoms do not happen only during the course of a psychotic disorder or another mental health problem.

​

What Causes ADHD?

The exact cause of ADHD isn’t fully known, but scientists believe it’s a combination of genetic and environmental factors. It often runs in families, so if a parent has ADHD, there’s a higher chance their child might have it too. Other factors like premature birth, low birth weight, and exposure to tobacco or alcohol during pregnancy might also increase the risk.

​

ADHD Treatment

Diagnosis is typically made by a mental health professional after ruling out other medical and mental health conditions. To diagnose ADHD, providers look at a person’s behavior and symptoms. They often talk to parents, teachers, and sometimes the person themselves to get a full picture. There’s no single test for ADHD; instead, providers use guidelines from the American Psychiatric Association to make a diagnosis.

​

Treatment for ADHD symptoms typically involves medications, education, and development of skills to help with executive functioning such as organization and prioritization. The more of these things you do, the more effectively you will improve symptoms in the long term. While there’s no cure for ADHD, there are many ways to manage it effectively.

​

Medications

​

  • Stimulants are FDA controlled medications that are comprised of methylphenidate or amphetamine. Although they are the most commonly prescribed medication for ADHD, they are highly regulated drugs due to their abuse potential. These medications work by allowing more of the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and dopamine to be available for neuron use. Side effects are common and include: irritability, trouble falling asleep, and weight issues.

  • Non-stimulants are non-controlled medications that also work to allow neurotransmitters such as norepinephrine and dopamine but are slower in onset of action than their stimulant counterparts. These are a good choice for those wanting the medication in their system for longer periods or if stimulants are not a good choice due to health problems or difficulties in maintaining compliance with controlled drugs.

​

Therapy

 

Counseling therapy can help improve ADHD symptoms by helping you develop skills to overcome symptoms due to ADHD. The most common therapy used to help ADHD is cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). Support groups are often beneficial to add to the treatment plan. These therapies consist of:

​

  • Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT): This type of therapy will help you cope better with ADHD by teaching skills specific to management of organization, patterns of thinking, and behavioral patterns. 

  • Family therapy: Because many people with ADHD encounter loved ones, family members, and spouses who are unfamiliar with ADHD, this therapy can help them overcome the stress associated with living with someone who struggles with ADHD symptoms. 

Living With ADHD

  1. Living with ADHD can be challenging, but many people with ADHD lead successful and fulfilling lives. Remember that having ADHD doesn’t mean you’re less capable. With the right support and strategies, you can learn to manage your symptoms and thrive.

  2. ADHD is a common condition that affects many aspects of life, but it doesn’t define who you are. Understanding ADHD and how to manage it is the first step towards success. Finding the right treatment can help you live a more fulfilling life. If you think you or someone you know might have ADHD, don’t hesitate to reach out to a primary provider or mental health professional for help.

  3. By understanding ADHD and finding the right tools and support, individuals with ADHD can overcome challenges and achieve their goals. ADHD does not have to define you. Remember, you’re not alone, and there’s always help available.

ADHD Resources

  1. American Psychiatric Association: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition. Arlington, VA., American Psychiatric Association, 2013

  2. https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/adhd/diagnosis.html

  3. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/adult-adhd/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20350883

  4. https://www.aacap.org/aacap/Families_and_Youth/Resource_Centers/ADHD_Resource_Center/Home.aspx

Let’s Work Together

Keyboard and Mouse
Medical Office Room

918-858-4353

Work Desk

Get in touch so we can start working together.

​

bottom of page